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Friday, 27 July 2012

What We All Should Know About Chronic Urticaria

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By Brian Coze


You are probably at a loss as to what chronic urticaria is. When we talk of chronic urticaria, we're talking about an allergic reaction. It can be set off by certain factors or triggers, as is usually expected of all types of allergies. The reaction could be triggered by the simple foods you eat. Just because one type of food is safe for one person does not mean it could not stimulate an allergic reaction in you. Take nuts, for example. You may eat them on a daily basis. However, other people may be allergic to it. The body has a lot of different types of immune cells such as dendritic cells, T cells, mast cells, and others. When a new agent or an antigen enters into the body, the body will recognize it as a new thing and start producing antibodies against it. When the immune system creates such a response, it might lead to allergies like chronic urticaria. It is commonly characterized by an itchy feeling and some swelling, or colored hives with a red base. Whole layers of the skin are commonly hit by chronic urticaria. In some cases, the mouth and the lips are also affected.

In the pathogenesis process of chronic urticaria, the mast cell is touted to be the main agent. Histamines are released when stimulation is provided by an external source or agent. Along with these histamines, prostaglandins that are formed at that time will also be released.

Once these are released from the cytoplasmic granules, vasodilatation occurs. This will then be followed by erythema. In order for wheals to form and develop, there are a number of mediators that must be present. Just as an example, many chemo attractants will be produced by the neutrophils. The person will experience some itching. You cannot hope to use antihistamines in treating chronic urticaria. Wheal formation has different causative agents, they will not be effective at all if you insist to make use of them.

There are two main types of chronic urticaria. One of the two is auto immune chronic urticaria. 45 percent of the population suffering from chronic urticaria becomes affected with this condition. If you take a look at the rest - the 55 percent - they will most likely be suffering from idiopathic chronic urticaria. Many different types of antibodies are released whether it is the auto immune or idiopathic chronic urticaria. When there is a need to fight off the Fg receptor of IgE, the auto antibodies produced are the immunoglobulin G. It will be produced against the alpha subunit in the Fc receptor of IgE. It can alos be produced against the Fc receptor of anti IgE (these are the auto antibodies).

Histamines from immune cells called basophile will be triggered into release once the body has been attacked. Further, this reaction will develop using the complement system present in the blood. These reactions will also bring about the production of C5a. The mast cells will become activated even more. It also serves like a chemo attractant. It will lure in the neutrophils and eosinophils. The person will then find skin lesions appearing on different parts of his body as a result of the immune cells clumping together and being concentrated in one spot. It is also likely that you will witness some swelling and other allergic reactions all over your skin once the dermal mast cells decide to produce and release larger amounts of histamine.




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