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Wednesday, 6 June 2012

Chagas Disease: Tiny Parasitic InsectsAre Responsible For Migrating This Disease to the States

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By Graeme Dinnen


A disease being incorrectly dubbed the "new AIDS" is being spread by tiny parasitic insects from Latin America northwards to the USA.





Chagas Disease (also called American Trypanosomiasis) is carried by a small black wingless beetle called the Triatoma bug that sucks human blood in the area around the lips. As a result it has come to be called the "kissing bug". The disease may also be spread from human to human by way of organ transplantation, from a mother to her developing foetus and/or blood transfusions. It can also transmitted through the consumption of contaminated foods.





How is Chagas Spread?

Requiring no passports at the US border, these bugs are incredibly hard to detect. Chagas disease has infected over 300 thousand people in the United States and somewhere in the area of 8 million people worldwide. Once limited to Latin American countries, the disease is spreading through infected travellers going north to the USA or other countries such as the UK and Europe by infected carriers. The beetle feeds round the lips of sleepers, earning it the nickname "the kissing bug". Once fed it releases a parasite called Trypanosoma cruzi. A waking person scratches the eggs and unwittingly smears them under their fingernails and into the mouth and pores.





Chagas Disease Symptoms



Unfortunately Chagas Disease has a long incubation period and uses considerable stealth to avoid detection. There are two stages - acute and severe. Common symptoms in the acute stage include general illnesses, high temperatures, skin problems, brain toxicity, unusual irritations in the colon or a swelling in typically just one eye. Then a remission may set in for as long as several years, but don't be fooled - it's preparing itself for the second stage. Sufferers will then start to experience constipation and painful digestive issues. At this point the heart and gut viscera swell until they burst, causing sudden death.





Can Chagas disease be prevented?

Antiparasitic treatments for Chagas Disease will help delay or even perhaps stop the condition developing. As usual prevention is better than trying to find remedies once the condition has set in. Known in South America as an illness of the poor, there's a resultant stigma attached to the condition and consequently there isn't much money invested in finding new treatments.




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